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Data Modeling
Introduction to Data Modeling
Levels of Data Modeling
Data Modeling Process
Best Practices in Data Modeling
Quiz
Entity-Relationship (ER) Data Modeling
Introduction to ER Models
Entities, Attributes, and Relationships
Cardinality and Participation
Attributes of Relationship Types
Weak Entity Types
Creating an ER Diagram for Employee Management System
Quiz
The Relational Data Model
Introduction to the Relational Model
Relations, Tuples, and Attributes
Keys in Relational Databases
Relational Integrity Constraints
Converting ER Diagrams to Relational Model
Best Practices for ER Diagrams to Relational Models
Quiz
Functional Dependency
Introduction to Functional Dependency
Types of Functional Dependencies
Inference Rules for Functional Dependencies
Closure of Attribute Sets
Quiz
Normalization
Introduction to Normalization
First Normal Form (1NF)
Second Normal Form (2NF)
Third Normal Form (3NF)
Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Higher Normal Forms (4NF, 5NF)
Exercise 1
Solution to Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Solution to Exercise 2
Case Studies
Designing a Hospital Management System
Designing a Hotel Management System
Designing a Bank Management System
Designing an Instagram
Designing an E-commerce Platform
Designing an Online Food Delivery System
What is a Database?
Introduction to Databases
A database is a systematic collection of data that allows for the storage, retrieval, and manipulation of information in an organized way. Unlike traditional files, databases support structured data management, which makes them highly efficient for complex tasks involving large amounts of information.
- Core Purpose: To store data in a way that supports easy retrieval, management, and updating.
- Example: Think of a library catalog system. It stores information about books, authors, and locations in a structured format that allows users to find books by title, author, or subject.
Characteristics of a Database
- Structured Data Storage: Data is stored in a logical format, such as tables, making it easy to retrieve specific information.
- Scalability: Databases are designed to grow with the data, supporting small to large volumes without significant loss of performance.
- Data Integrity: Ensures that data is accurate, reliable, and consistent.
- Concurrent Access: Multiple users can access and modify data at the same time without data conflicts.
- Security Features: Databases often include robust security protocols to protect sensitive data.
Real-World Examples of Databases
- Business Applications: Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems use databases to manage customer data and interactions.
- Healthcare: Medical databases store patient records, treatment histories, and prescriptions.
- E-commerce: Online shopping platforms use databases to manage product listings, user accounts, and transaction histories.
- Social Media: Platforms like Facebook and Twitter use databases to manage user data, posts, and interactions.
Before the Advent of Database
Database management systems (DBMS)
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Introduction to Databases
Characteristics of a Database
Real-World Examples of Databases